Steve Zinger stated that in 1990, Europe and the United States were the most important polyolefin production bases in the world, with production capacities each accounting for 37% of the total polyolefin production capacity in the world, while Asia accounted for 22% and the Middle East only accounted for 3%. Based on estimates of construction and planned construction projects in various regions, it is expected that by the year 2015, the global polyolefin production capacity distribution will undergo a major change: the proportion of Europe's total global production capacity will drop to 19%, the United States will drop to 23%, and Asia will quickly Increased to 41%, the Middle East will grow to 15%. Steve Zinger believes that the rapid growth of polyolefin production in Asia is due to the fact that the polyolefin consumer market in the region has grown rapidly since 1990, and global manufacturers have established new installations in the region. In the Middle East, after a sharp increase in oil prices in recent years, it has formed a strong cost advantage. Large international petrochemical companies have built new installations in the region, and the scale of their construction and proposed polyolefin production capacity is unprecedented.
Due to the shift of production bases to Asia, especially the Middle East, the rankings of the world's major polyolefin suppliers have quietly changed. Sinopec and SABIC ranked 8th and 10th respectively among the top 10 PE suppliers in global production capacity in 2002. According to the construction plan of major PE suppliers worldwide, it is expected that by 2012, SABIC will be ranked 3rd. Sinopec will rise to No. 4, while PetroChina will be ranked No. 5. The situation of PP is also very similar. Among the top 10 PP suppliers in the global production capacity in 2002, Sinopec ranked No. 3, and it is expected that by 2012, Sinopec will rise to No. 2, while SABIC will be ranked No. 3.
One noteworthy phenomenon is that, given the rich source of raw materials in the Middle East, many multinational companies are currently looking for opportunities to build factories in the region, while international polyolefin traders prefer the advantages of import prices from the region. Olefin products. The relevant person in charge of Sinochem Group has made it clear that the Middle East region has become the group’s largest source of raw materials. In the future, the Group’s plastic raw materials will be imported more from the Middle East.
This standard replaces GB/T8162-2008 "structure with seamless steel tube". This standard is compared with GB/T8162-2008, the main change is as follows:
This standard is applicable to the general structure and mechanical structure of Seamless Steel Pipe, seamless Steel Pipe, fluid seamless steel pipe standard for the general seamless steel pipe. The main difference between it and the structure of seamless steel tube is the hydraulic test or the ultrasonic, eddy current and magnetic flux leakage testing. Therefore, it is not suitable to use fluid seamless steel pipe in the standard of pressure pipe. Seamless steel pipe for the outside diameter, wall thickness, thick walled seamless steel pipe is mainly used for mechanical processing, coal, hydraulic steel, and other purposes. Thick walled seamless steel pipe is divided into 10#, 20#, 35#, 16Mn, 45#, 12Cr1MoV, 27SiMn, 10CrMo910, 15CrMo, 35CrMo, etc.. The classification of thick walled seamless steel pipe hot rolled thick wall seamless steel pipe, cold rolled thick wall seamless steel pipe, seamless steel tube, cold drawn thick wall extrusion thick wall seamless steel tube, pipe jacking. Stainless steel seamless steel pipe structure (GB/T14975-1994) is widely used in chemical, petroleum, hot-rolled stainless steel made of textile, medical, food, machinery and other industrial anti-corrosion pipes and structural parts and parts of the (extrusion, expansion) and cold drawing (rolling) seamless steel tube.
Photo of our Structural Pipes:
Application:
Scope of use, including the general structure and mechanical structure, a large number of construction, machinery, transportation, aviation, oil and other industries of various structures.
Delamination defect
In view of the mechanism, it is generally believed that the non metallic inclusions in the tube will destroy the continuity and compactness of the 45# structure, and the serious inclusion of the 45# structure will produce delamination. The other one is that the hydrogen induced crack, because of hydrogen in steel aggregation caused by internal gas metal pressure is too high, the formation of white spots in the compact inner tube, the crack occurred in the rolling process, and ultimately the formation of lamination defect. In addition, the uneven deformation of the two roll cross piercing is produced by the stress exceeding the plastic strength.
In the case of strict smelting control, there are third kinds of cases, the control measures:
1, improve the plastic and toughness of 45# steel pipe
Improving the cleanliness of molten steel, reduce harmful inclusions in continuous casting billet; increase the proportion of equiaxed grains, reduce the central segregation and central porosity; the cooling system is reasonable, avoid the slab internal crack; on line slab or billet by slow cooling process, reduce internal stress, in which the microstructure and mechanical properties of pipe billet and finished 45# steel structure meet the technical standard requirements.
2, reasonable control of heating temperature
The best heating temperature was selected by the determination of the thermoplastic curve. Tube billet heating should also pay attention to enough holding time, in order to reduce the deformation resistance and improve the ductility of 45# steel pipe.
3, reduce the roll speed
The roller speed is the key parameter of the perforation process. The roller speed is changed from low to high, and there is a critical roll speed which begins to appear. When the roller rotating speed is low, the tube blank is easy to form a hole cavity. When the roller speed is higher, the tube blank and the 45# structure steel tube are easy to form the delamination defect. In order to eliminate the pipe blank and 45# structure, the roller speed should be reduced to the critical roll speed, which is lower than that of the layer.
Structure tube weight calculation formula: [(outside diameter - wall thickness) * wall thickness of]*0.02466=kg/ meters (weight per meter)
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