China now produces 10 million tons of used tires each year.
With the rapid economic growth and the development of the automobile industry, in recent years, China's annual production of used tires has increased sharply at a rate of 8% to 10%, becoming a new type of pollution.
A statistic shows that by 2020, the output of used tires in China will reach 20 million tons. The ever-increasing “black pollution†has added to the already fragile ecological environment in China. Therefore, the “black pollution†caused by the disposal of used tires cannot be delayed. But in the face of such a large number of waste tires, how can we turn waste into treasure?
China produces the first used tires
According to statistics from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, as of the end of 2014, the number of motor vehicles in China reached 264 million, of which 154 million were autos, and motor vehicle drivers exceeded 300 million.
According to the person-in-charge of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, with the sustained and rapid economic and social development, the rigid demand for car purchases by the masses will continue to show rapid growth.
However, with the popularity of automobiles, waste such as used tires has gradually increased. It is said that China’s tire production has been ranked among the top in the world for 10 consecutive years, and waste tires produced each year are also the world’s largest.
Industry insiders predict that more and more waste rubber and used tires will be produced in China. According to incomplete statistics, in 2013, the amount of waste tyres produced in China had reached 299 million, and the weight reached 10.8 million tons, which was growing at an annual rate of about 8%-10%.
On the one hand, it is an increasingly large tire production data. On the other hand, it is a waste of old tire safety accidents and pollution problems.
In recent years, safety accidents caused by scrap tires have been reported frequently. Scrap tires accumulate for a long time and can easily cause fires and cause secondary pollution.
It can be imagined that, in China, which ranks among the world's top tire holders, the hidden dangers of used tires are self-evident. Scientifically and effectively disposing of used tires has become a hot topic in the industry in recent years.
Easy to breed disease and cause fire
In recent years, as the problem of tire contamination has become increasingly prominent, people have gradually increased their attention to "black pollution" caused by used tires.
It is understood that in addition to producing waste gas, waste water and other pollution in the production process, the tire's dramatic increase in the number of tires is causing serious "black pollution" on the earth, which poses great challenges to environmental protection.
According to professionals, waste tires are waste that requires a lot of environmental space and are difficult to compress, collect and eliminate. Due to the uncertainty of the time required to decompose old tyres, they are not biodegradable, and their components include some dangerous elements such as lead, chromium, cadmium and other heavy metals. If they are improperly disposed and managed, they will cause human health and the environment. Threatened.
In addition, long-term accumulation of waste tires accumulating more and more will not only occupy a large amount of land resources, but also can easily breed mosquito-borne diseases, seriously deteriorate the natural environment, and may cause fires, threatening people's lives and property safety.
In some areas, discarded tires are used as fuel, and serious pollution leaves no grass around. Because of its unique structure and composition, waste tires stacked in open air are difficult to control and extinguish once they are burned, and they generate a lot of smoke and toxic pollutants, which seriously pollute the environment and threaten human health.
For example, the fire in Hagersville in Ontario, Canada, lasted for 17 hours in 1990. 12.6 million tires were burned and 1,700 people were evacuated. A lot of oil substances infiltrated the soil. The nearby rivers were also polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The resulting losses are difficult to measure.
Why are used tires reclaimed?
China is a country with large rubber consumption. According to statistics, in 2011, the country consumed 230,000 tons of rubber, ranking second in the world. The annual production of rubber products is about 460,000 tons, and waste rubber production is about 180,000 tons, of which more than 6% are used tires.
At present, about 90,000 tons of various waste rubbers are recycled, and the recycling rate is 5%, which is 3 to 4 percentage points lower than the advanced level in foreign countries. Nearly 5% of the waste rubber is not recycled, of which used tires account for about 2%, piled up for a long time, hard to degrade and become a source of “black pollutionâ€.
The use of used tires in China is mainly for the production of recycled rubber, tire retreading, and production of vulcanized rubber powder. More than 8 percent of these enterprises are small and medium-sized enterprises, which cannot be scaled up and have low market competitiveness. Most retreading companies have low equipment levels, weak technical capabilities, and incomplete test equipment, which affects the further improvement of the quality of retreaded tires.
In addition, due to waste tire recycling is a semi-public good, its low added value of processed products, coupled with scattered scattered tire resources in China, its high recovery, processing, transportation costs, coupled with historical reasons for the formation of personnel, debt burden, corporate Poor economic returns, most enterprises suffer serious losses, and production and operation are difficult to sustain. The waste tire recycling industry is developing at a low level.
"Black Pollution" Should Be Solved by Legislative Measures
How to deal with used tires has always been a recognized environmental problem in the world.
Yuan Zhongxue, deputy director of the National People's Congress and deputy director of the National Rubber and Tire Engineering Technology Research Center, believes that the recycling of used tires needs to be elevated to the height of ecological civilization construction. It is necessary to make great efforts to solve environmental pollution problems and have limited rubber resources. Make full use of, in particular, develop legal standards as soon as possible to promote the recycling of rubber resources.
Yuan Zhongxue suggested that firstly waste tire processing fees be collected at the tire production or sales stage, which could follow the practice of the extended producer responsibility system generally adopted by western developed countries.
Secondly, a strict licensing system is adopted for the transportation, storage, treatment, and reuse of waste tires, and a strong tire recycling enterprise that encourages and regulates the use of policies will enter the waste tire recycling field and provide a certain subsidy to improve the formal enterprises through economic leverage. Engage in recycling industry enthusiasm.
Once again, the introduction of policies to encourage tire retreaders to provide tire management and service to owners, extend the tire life, reduce the production of waste tires, from the source to ensure that the quality of refurbished carcass can be controlled, while resolutely banned the localization of small petrochemical refineries, improve environmental violations cost.
Where are used foreign tires?
â—Used as fuel
In many countries in the United States, Japan, and Europe, many cement plants, power plants, paper mills, steel mills, etc. use waste tires as fuel. The effect is very good, not only reduces production costs, but also cures the environment caused by used tires. problem.
â— prototype restructuring
In the United States, 250 million waste tires are produced each year, and 5 million to 6 million of these waste tires can be turned into waste through prototype restructuring.
The bead of the used tire is separated from the tire casing by the prototype reformation, and then the tire body is cut into different size rubber strips according to needs, and the elastic protection net, the collision retaining wall, the anti-skid pad row, etc. are knitted with these rubber strips. Buildings and demolition sites block flying objects, protect docks, and temporarily reinforce road surfaces.
The bead, taken from scrap tires, can also be processed into a sewage pipeline.
â— Build silencer wall
In France, technicians cut used tires into symmetrical two halves, and then laid it at an angle of 20 degrees to facilitate drainage. Then, a metal grille was used as a fire protection shield on the walls. This created a green muffler wall and sound-absorbing effect. Excellent.
â— Use again
Ukrainian scientists developed an electromagnetic shock method that uses the role of electromagnetic fields to form a pulsed magnetic field inside scrap tires to separate the rubber from the metal in the tire. The separated rubber and tire wires retain their original features and functions and can be used again to produce tires. In addition, the use of this method also shortens the cycle of disposal of used tires.
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