Cutting tool innovations and new CAM programming techniques make pin milling a more popular method of machining.
In general, plunge milling has always been a machining method in roughing applications. In modern technology for roughing, there are many ways to finish roughing a workpiece, from the "Z" level using ordinary methods (with a low feed rate, high depth of cut) to high speed/high Feeding method (using a small depth of cut, high feed rate). Due to various reasons such as programming, power consumption, etc., under normal circumstances, only if the other methods prove invalid or have problems, the plunge milling technology will be used instead.
The latest tool innovations and new CAM programming techniques make pin milling a more popular method of machining, especially on older machines, because they lack the ability to perform high-speed feed operations.
Plunge milling CAM programming
The main problem encountered in plunge milling is programming. The generation of toolpaths in plunge milling applications is a lengthy and tedious process because most CAM software packages lack user-friendly options, including the ability to adapt to various workpiece geometries (2D, 3D, etc.) and adapt to various types of milling cutters The ability (side cutting, center cutting, etc.).
Side plunge milling An important programming technique is to produce some form of angular contraction at the bottom of each cut-in (Figure 1). This angular contraction becomes necessary when the force applied to the lateral incision pushes it away from the part. So what will happen next? Without this angular retraction insert, problems arise because the tool can interfere with the workpiece when it quickly leaves the part.
Tool design improvements
In lateral cutting applications, the force applied to the tool will push the tool away from the workpiece. The offset of the tool depends on a number of factors such as the depth of the infeed, the feedrate, and the rigidity of the machine. The geometry of the cutters and inserts will also greatly influence these forces, which is a recent improvement of the new lateral cutting tools.
The press molding process of carbide inserts for complex carbides has created the conditions for the development of new milling cutters that use less cutting forces, thus reducing tool offset errors. In most cases, this new technology eliminates the need for a 45° retreat angle at the bottom of every entry, and it also makes programming easier, allowing the machine to use a previously entered program for drilling operations (G81, G85), especially suitable for simple two-part geometry machining.
Of course, some bending forces will inevitably occur during processing, and the insert will contact a small amount of material during the contraction movement. Therefore, the auxiliary relief angle should be increased at the advanced angle, which is advantageous for the tool/insert to handle a small amount of material during shrinkage.
Plunge milling advantages
Machining workpieces from top to bottom at certain intervals (for example, "Z" horizontal roughing) is one of the most commonly used methods for roughing. Recently, machine tools and tools capable of high-speed/feed machining have improved the productivity of "Z" level roughing.
When the workpiece geometry, machine tool or workpiece clamping method limits the machine's constant high-speed feed operation capability (sometimes its operation feed speed can reach 200~300in/min), this method will have certain limitation. When any of the above situations occurs, the following advantages will be reflected in the use of plunge milling:
1. Constant feed rate
In the Z-level machining method, the chip load (IPT) increases or decreases with radial and axial contact conditions. When transverse cutting is used, the chip load is kept constant despite some changes in radial contact and span.
2. Optimize the tool path
In general, plunge milling is a more direct method of machining, as compared to Z-level machining methods, requiring less movement (a linear inch of machining) to machine a specific area. This will be a special case when it comes to situations that require variable processing in the X-axis and Y-axis directions (such as processing crypts with posts).
3. Optimize the machine
Plunge milling can cut a large amount of processed material at a relatively low feed rate (typically 50 r/min or more). This machining method can be used for machining shops using old machine tools, and the metal cutting speed can be compared with newer machine tools using high-speed machining methods, sometimes even exceeding these newer machine tools.
Handling discontinuous cutting conditions
In many cases, when it comes to intermittent cutting conditions, it forces people to reduce the cutting parameters to reduce or eliminate the chip caused by insert fracture. Plunge milling seems to be more conducive to meeting these conditions and obtaining more stable results. In the cutting process, all this should be attributed to the method of axial cutting of the material and the constant chip load per tooth.
Cutting force treatment
The axial force of plunge milling generally allows the use of powerful machining operating parameters without having to focus too much on the movement of the workpiece.
Advanced pressing technology has created the conditions for the development of new cutting tools that can reduce cutting forces. The design of these cutting tools is more solid, and they can make better use of the carbide raw materials used to make cutting tools, saving money. After the general learning of the horizontal cutting processing technology, the processing workshop can increase their work efficiency and increase the production capacity of the old machine tools according to various application fields and materials, with larger metal cutting speeds.
In general, plunge milling has always been a machining method in roughing applications. In modern technology for roughing, there are many ways to finish roughing a workpiece, from the "Z" level using ordinary methods (with a low feed rate, high depth of cut) to high speed/high Feeding method (using a small depth of cut, high feed rate). Due to various reasons such as programming, power consumption, etc., under normal circumstances, only if the other methods prove invalid or have problems, the plunge milling technology will be used instead.
The latest tool innovations and new CAM programming techniques make pin milling a more popular method of machining, especially on older machines, because they lack the ability to perform high-speed feed operations.
Plunge milling CAM programming
The main problem encountered in plunge milling is programming. The generation of toolpaths in plunge milling applications is a lengthy and tedious process because most CAM software packages lack user-friendly options, including the ability to adapt to various workpiece geometries (2D, 3D, etc.) and adapt to various types of milling cutters The ability (side cutting, center cutting, etc.).
Side plunge milling An important programming technique is to produce some form of angular contraction at the bottom of each cut-in (Figure 1). This angular contraction becomes necessary when the force applied to the lateral incision pushes it away from the part. So what will happen next? Without this angular retraction insert, problems arise because the tool can interfere with the workpiece when it quickly leaves the part.
Tool design improvements
In lateral cutting applications, the force applied to the tool will push the tool away from the workpiece. The offset of the tool depends on a number of factors such as the depth of the infeed, the feedrate, and the rigidity of the machine. The geometry of the cutters and inserts will also greatly influence these forces, which is a recent improvement of the new lateral cutting tools.
The press molding process of carbide inserts for complex carbides has created the conditions for the development of new milling cutters that use less cutting forces, thus reducing tool offset errors. In most cases, this new technology eliminates the need for a 45° retreat angle at the bottom of every entry, and it also makes programming easier, allowing the machine to use a previously entered program for drilling operations (G81, G85), especially suitable for simple two-part geometry machining.
Of course, some bending forces will inevitably occur during processing, and the insert will contact a small amount of material during the contraction movement. Therefore, the auxiliary relief angle should be increased at the advanced angle, which is advantageous for the tool/insert to handle a small amount of material during shrinkage.
Plunge milling advantages
Machining workpieces from top to bottom at certain intervals (for example, "Z" horizontal roughing) is one of the most commonly used methods for roughing. Recently, machine tools and tools capable of high-speed/feed machining have improved the productivity of "Z" level roughing.
When the workpiece geometry, machine tool or workpiece clamping method limits the machine's constant high-speed feed operation capability (sometimes its operation feed speed can reach 200~300in/min), this method will have certain limitation. When any of the above situations occurs, the following advantages will be reflected in the use of plunge milling:
1. Constant feed rate
In the Z-level machining method, the chip load (IPT) increases or decreases with radial and axial contact conditions. When transverse cutting is used, the chip load is kept constant despite some changes in radial contact and span.
2. Optimize the tool path
In general, plunge milling is a more direct method of machining, as compared to Z-level machining methods, requiring less movement (a linear inch of machining) to machine a specific area. This will be a special case when it comes to situations that require variable processing in the X-axis and Y-axis directions (such as processing crypts with posts).
3. Optimize the machine
Plunge milling can cut a large amount of processed material at a relatively low feed rate (typically 50 r/min or more). This machining method can be used for machining shops using old machine tools, and the metal cutting speed can be compared with newer machine tools using high-speed machining methods, sometimes even exceeding these newer machine tools.
Handling discontinuous cutting conditions
In many cases, when it comes to intermittent cutting conditions, it forces people to reduce the cutting parameters to reduce or eliminate the chip caused by insert fracture. Plunge milling seems to be more conducive to meeting these conditions and obtaining more stable results. In the cutting process, all this should be attributed to the method of axial cutting of the material and the constant chip load per tooth.
Cutting force treatment
The axial force of plunge milling generally allows the use of powerful machining operating parameters without having to focus too much on the movement of the workpiece.
Advanced pressing technology has created the conditions for the development of new cutting tools that can reduce cutting forces. The design of these cutting tools is more solid, and they can make better use of the carbide raw materials used to make cutting tools, saving money. After the general learning of the horizontal cutting processing technology, the processing workshop can increase their work efficiency and increase the production capacity of the old machine tools according to various application fields and materials, with larger metal cutting speeds.
[Composition]
The main component of this preparation is human immunoglobulin, which is prepared by cold ethanol fractionation of human plasma from healthy donors. The manufacturing process contains a step to remove anticomplementary activity and a dual viral inactivation process. It contains a suitable amount of glucose or maltose as stabilizer (see table below), but does not contain any antiseptic or antibiotic. The distribution of IgG subclasses is close to the serum level of normal subjects and maintains the bioactivity of Fc fragment of IgG.
[Indications]
1. Primary
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common variant immunodeficiency diseases, immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency,
etc.
2. Secondary
immunoglobulin deficiency diseases, such as severe infection, septicemia of
newborn, etc
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