·Beijing research and collection of congestion charges, public transportation construction needs to speed up

How to control Beijing traffic congestion has become the focus of widespread concern in society. Yesterday, the Beijing Business Daily reporter learned from the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission that Beijing will treat congestion and alleviate “big city diseases” as an important task during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period. It will be implemented annually based on the overall plan to improve traffic congestion. Traffic congestion management special action plan, at the same time, will use economic means to improve the use of motor vehicles by improving the parking fee system and researching congestion charging pilots.

Research on charging congestion charges next year

The traffic red line of the “13th Five-Year Plan” in Beijing has been very clear, and reducing the intensity of motor vehicle use will become a key task. According to Zhou Zhengyu, director of the Municipal Transportation Commission, the number of motor vehicles in the city will be controlled within 6 million vehicles by the end of 2017. In order to control the number of motor vehicles, during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period, the Municipal Transportation Commission will follow the “Beijing’s overall ease of traffic congestion”. The program (2016-2020) will implement a special action plan for traffic congestion management in each year.

Next year is the first year of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan". The Municipal Transportation Commission will introduce the next year's plan to alleviate traffic congestion, starting with parking fees and congestion fees, increasing travel costs, and adjusting the car ownership and usage. Zhou Zhengyu said that next year, Beijing will introduce new policies on the regulation and control policies of small passenger cars, regional peaks and shifts, etc. At the same time, it will study the congestion charging pilot.

It is not difficult to see from the development plan of the Municipal Transportation Commission that economic means will make a big impact on solving the problem of congestion in Beijing. Among them, congestion charging is one of the most concerned about Beijing residents. “Congestion charges are a market-based means that is now widely implemented in many major international cities. When conducting pilot projects, Beijing will largely refer to the experience of leading cities such as London,” said Cheng Shidong, director of the Urban Transport Department of the National Development and Reform Commission. Say. He believes that the pilot work of congestion charges will be carried out in some of the most congested places in the city, in order to measure the effect of the policy.

As domestic congestion charges have not yet matured standards, in Cheng Shidong's view, Beijing needs to calculate when charging congestion charges. "Because the charging of congestion charges involves a wide range of issues, high fees will bring greater pressure on public opinion, but too low fees will affect the implementation of the policy." He suggested that the government should refer to the pricing method of public transportation. It can be measured according to income level.

Parking charges should be accelerated

In addition, the parking problem in Beijing is also a deep accumulation of contradictions and a difficult solution. According to the introduction of the Municipal Transportation Commission, the parking management problem will be governed according to the basic ideas of “parking in place, parking payment, and penalty for violations”. "By the end of 2017, the phenomenon of chaotic parking and unreasonable charges has been basically curbed," Zhou Zhengyu said. "The Municipal Transportation Commission will also promote the implementation of parking legislation. Now, the regulations for the management of motor vehicle parking in Beijing are being formulated. After the completion of the formulation, it will be widely publicized. Collect opinions from the public and solve the parking management problem through legislation."

Compared with the collection of congestion fees, industry experts are more inclined to ease the traffic congestion problem by improving the parking fee system. In Cheng Shidong's view, the current parking fee is far lower than the actual cost, and the government should increase the parking fee. Moreover, the increase in parking fees is also conducive to the industrialization of parking, and the price of industrialization should be priced by the market. In the case that the government encourages social capital to enter the parking lot market, it should speed up the marketization of parking fees, so as to attract more social capital to enter and ease the problem of parking difficulties. "But the problem of parking chaos and charges is still there. It is more difficult to stop the law enforcement, and the government needs to strengthen law enforcement."

Public transportation facilities need to be speeded up

At present, Beijing's governance of urban traffic congestion mainly includes: taking administrative, economic and legal means, starting from the demand management. According to the industry, Beijing has mainly relied on administrative and legal means such as buying a car or ending a limited line to solve the congestion problem in Beijing. As the government's administrative interventions in various fields have gradually weakened, the role of the market has gradually increased, and the timing of using economic means to control Beijing's congestion has gradually matured. Cheng Shidong also expressed similar views. He believes that the number of cars has been reduced through administrative measures such as bus reform. To further solve the congestion problem, it is necessary to resort to economic measures such as congestion fees and parking fees.

According to industry analysis, the governance model based on economic means such as congestion fees will be able to solve the congestion problem spontaneously through market regulation and help to reflect social equity. "Congestion affects not only the citizens who drive, but also the majority of citizens who do not drive private cars. By collecting congestion charges, on the one hand, it can alleviate urban congestion. On the other hand, the fees collected can be used for public transportation construction. The citizens who do not open private cars can also benefit," said Zhao Jian, a professor at the School of Economics and Management at Beijing Jiaotong University.

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